Dynastic Esoteric Code (Ubwiru): Custodianship, Composition, and Contested Authority in Rwandan Oral Tradition
History of Rwanda

Dynastic Esoteric Code (Ubwiru): Custodianship, Composition, and Contested Authority in Rwandan Oral Tradition

The dynastic esoteric code, known in Kinyarwanda as ubwiru, occupies a singular place within the corpus of Rwanda’s oral literature.